Iodine Deficiency

Iodine deficiency is a problem throughout most of thedeficiency disorders (IDD) affect 740 million people
world and Iodine is perhaps the most misunderstoodthroughout the world, and nearly 50 million people
and feared nutrient of all of the nutrients because ofsuffer from some degree of IDD-related brain
the potential for iodine poisoning.damage. The spectrum of IDD includes mental
Acute iodine poisoning is actually very rare and onlyretardation, hypothyroidism, goiter, and varying degrees
happens with dosages of several grams of iodine.of other growth and developmental abnormalities.
Most of the earth's iodine is found in oceans, and itsIt is also estimated that over 35% of the world's
content in the soils varies by region. Iodine is essentialpopulation (almost 2 billion people) has insufficient iodine
for normal thyroid functions, but there is a growingintake as measured by urinary exertion iodine, as
number of the medical community that believe thaturinary iodine is an indicator of this nutrients status.
thyroid medications that are used today may be theThyroid enlargement, or goiter, is one of the earliest
wrong treatment as they do not address thisand most visible signs of a deficiency. The thyroid
deficiency properly.enlarges in response to persistent stimulation by TSH.
Every cell within the body needs iodine to functionIn mild deficiency, this adaptive response may be
properly, and glands also need iodine for the productionenough to provide the body with sufficient thyroid
of hormones. There is also a growing concern thathormones.
because of the decreased levels of iodine in U.S. soils,More severe cases of deficiency result in
that this minerals deficiency may be one of the majorhypothyroidism. Adequate intake of this nutrient will
causes of breast cancer as well as a contributor togenerally reduce the size of goiters, but the reversibility
ovarian, uterus and prostrate cysts.of the effects of hypothyroidism depends on an
The World Health Organization has also identified aindividual's stage of development.
deficiency of this nutrient as the largest single cause ofDeficiency of this nutrient also has adverse effects in
mental retardation.all stages of development, but is most damaging to the
Iodine, a nonmetallic trace mineral, and is required bydeveloping brain.
humans for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. ToIn addition to regulating many aspects of growth and
meet the body's demand for thyroid hormones, thedevelopment, the thyroid hormone is important for
thyroid gland traps iodine from the blood andproper functioning of the central nervous system,
incorporates it into thyroid hormones that are storedwhich is most active before and shortly after birth. The
and released into the circulation when needed.iodine content of most foods, again, depends on this
In target tissues, such as the liver and the brain, T3, thenutrients content of the soil. Seafood is a rich source
physiologically active thyroid hormone, can bind tobecause marine animals can concentrate this nutrient
thyroid receptors in the nuclei of cells and regulatefrom seawater.
gene expression in target tissues.Food sources high in this nutrients content are salt
T4, the most abundant circulating thyroid hormone, can(iodized), cod, shrimp, fish sticks, tuna (canned in oil), milk
be converted to T3 by selenium containing enzymes(cows), egg (boiled), navy beans (cooked), potato with
known as deiodinases, which are extremely importantpeel (baked), turkey breast (baked), and seaweed.
in the functioning of thyroid hormones. In this manner,Potassium iodine is available as a nutritional supplement,
thyroid hormones regulate a number of physiologictypically in combination products, such as multivitamin/
processes, including growth, development, metabolism,multimineral supplements. Iodine makes up
and reproductive functions.approximately 77% of the total weight of potassium
Deficiency of this nutrient is now accepted as theiodine.
most common cause of preventable brain damage inA good liquid multivitamin will contain 100% of the daily
the world.value (DV) of this nutrient, and there are several very
According to the World Health Organization, iodinegood brands to choose from in today's markets.