Proton Therapy in Russia and Former Soviet Union Countries - What, Where and How?

Definition of proton therapy: Proton therapy is basedthe Soviet Union was a mighty country with strong
on the cancer-destroying effect of ion particles (mostlyinterest in advanced projects, most of the equipment
protons) in irradiated tumors located deep in the body.have been used for 30-40 years without a proper
In this therapy, the cells of healthy tissues surroundingmaintenance and thus need a thorough fixing and
the tumor are not exposed to damage. That is whycomplete overhauling. The Russian companies have no
proton therapy is an effective method to cure tumorsinterest in the investments into these laboratories. That
of vital organs (where conventional radiation therapy isis why there are no Gantry tools with rotating proton
detrimental to surrounding tissues). Proton therapy isbeams. This device is considered to belong to the
highly effective in treating tumors of lung, brain, spine,second generation of proton therapy tools.
prostate, cervix, eye, and other deep-lying organs.The lack of money for the proton therapy laboratories
Current state of things: The United States already hasis also stems from the unwillingness of traditional
7 operating proton therapy facilities where betweenoncologists to recommend and explain their patients
5000 to 10000 patients per year are treated forthe possibilities of proton therapies. Here is a quotation
different cancer tumors. The US companies investfrom my private conversation with one of such
heavily into the building projects for new protononcology-surgeon from the Blokhin Cancer Institute in
accelerators and clinics, expecting 3-4 moreMoscow: "I have a team of professional oncologists
ready-to-accept-patients clinics during next couple ofincluding chemo-therapists, radiologists and surgeons.
years. The Europeans have also started to build upTheir official salary is about $500 per month. So, when
their momentum in same direction through thewe have a patient with big pockets full of money, we
renovation of old facilities and installation of newwill never recommend him to go other place for his
facilities. The one bright example is the brand newtreatment. Why should we? Nobody knows what the
Rinecker Center in Munich built in 2009, which is theproton therapy is, and nobody cares".
largest proton therapy clinic in Europe. In total there are,And when I talked to the staff of the proton
as for the end of 2009, 5 proton clinics in Europelaboratories, their reply was like:"The cancer market
where around 1000 patients per year use the benefitshere in Russia for patients willing to pay for their
of the curing effects of proton beams. The Russianstreatment follows the "first-come-first-serve" rule,
operate 3 proton clinics, the first one in the Dubnameaning that the oncologist who first takes in a rich
Nuclear Center (Moscow Region), the second one inpatient, never tells his client all available options outside
S.Petersburg (former Leningrad), and the third one inthe clinic. Everybody needs money to survive and thus
the ITEP Institute (Moscow Region). The other CIShunts for rich patients. They (rich patients) are treated
countries have none.super class under the supervision of the best traditional
This article analyzes the current state of the protononcologists in Moscow. We, who work with protons,
therapy in Russia and CIS countries. From the officialare not allowed to take in patients from the street. We
information available from the Internet, all three clinicscan take in patients only with the recommendation
operate in full capacity and treat the cancer patientsletters from the cancer clinics. However, the cancer
sent to them from the Cancer Research Instituteclinics are reluctant to send out their rich patients. They
(named after Blokhin) in Moscow and other cancerdo so sometimes only when the patient had spent all
treatment clinics. During my recent trip to Moscowhis money on their traditional treatment methods". For
(2009) I revealed how the real situation with the protonyour information: the average (commercial) cost of a
clinics differs from the situation in West countries.typical cancer therapy is around $20000 in Moscow,
First of all, the claimed Russian clinics are not "trueand a little less in CIS countries.
clinics" at all. They look more like research laboratoriesFortunately the Russian government has plans to
with everything and everybody sharing the samedevelop the proton therapy facilities and has recently
room, and where the doctors and the technicians dostarted building projects for two Proton Therapy
their daily choirs. Among the doctors (this word isClinics. They are sheduled to take in oncopatients by
commonly used in Russia for surgeons) you can meet2012-2013.
a nuclear physicist, who knows perfectly how toAccording to recent survey results of the cancer
deliver and operate the proton beams, but has apatient market in Russia and CIS, there are at least
limited, or next to zero, knowledge about the cancer1000 patients eligible each year for the proton therapy
tumor and what are the perils of the miscalculatedin Europe and the United States. These patients may
dosage delivered to the patients' organ. In a similarfully compensate their treatment costs which are
way you might meet an oncologist who have no ideausually above the $50000 price range. However, due
what the protons are, and how the beam interactsto the lack of information explaining the proton therapy,
with the tumor. The worst thing, however, is the factand because of the unwillingness of traditional
that there are no personnel certified by governmentoncologists to lose their patients with big money, the
and trained properly to run the proton beam controllingpatients, in most cases, have no clue about whether
devices, computers, software and other very essentialthey are eligible for a decent proton treatment and
facilities for cancer treatment.how to reach the clinics in the US and Europe. As a
The equipment itself is in a dilapidated and out-thornresult, the advantages of the proton therapy is
state. The reason is simple: the laboratories need hugedeliberately hidden from potential clients.
maintenance money. Built in 60-ties and 70-ties, when